Understanding TB: What You Need to Know During the KC Outbreak

TB Outbreak in Kansas City: The Facts

You may have heard about a TB outbreak in the Kansas City area. While these reports can sound alarming, it's important to have the right information. Over the past few months, a significant number of cases have been confirmed, particularly in Wyandotte and Johnson counties. While TB is not a new disease, we associate it most often with certain populations, such as people experiencing homelessness, individuals using illicit drugs, or those in prison. It's also found among healthcare workers and others who have close interactions with these groups.

An outbreak like this can naturally cause concern—coughs that linger might raise alarm bells when TB is in the news. But when should you actually be concerned? When should you get tested? This post is designed to provide some reassurance and guidance.

How TB Spreads

TB is an airborne disease, spread through respiratory droplets, much like other respiratory infections. If someone with an active TB infection coughs, they can potentially spread the disease if you are in close contact for an extended period. However, TB isn't as contagious as many viruses like influenza, COVID-19, or the common cold. When medical professionals talk about TB exposure, they typically mean prolonged, close interaction with an infected individual.

Symptoms of TB vs. Other Respiratory Infections

The symptoms of TB can sometimes be tricky to distinguish from those of other respiratory infections. A persistent, productive cough (meaning it produces a lot of mucus), unintentional weight loss, severe fatigue, low-grade fever, chills, and night sweats are tell-tale signs. TB symptoms develop gradually, often over months, whereas other infections, like bronchitis or mycoplasma pneumonia (often referred to as walking pneumonia), tend to progress faster.

When to Get Tested for TB

If you have those classic TB symptoms and fall under a higher risk category due to occupation or exposure, testing is recommended. Those with common coughs or without known exposure often don't require TB tests unless other considerations come into play, such as testing for pertussis (whooping cough) and mycoplasma. For those with chronic health issues or weakened immune systems, testing is more appropriate.

TB Testing Options and Recommendations

The most common TB test in the United States is the skin prick test, known as the tuberculin test. It's a simple procedure available for about $30 at health departments, making it a practical option for general screening.

For more recent exposures or active infections, a blood test called QuantiFERON Gold is more specific and costs around $80 for our members.

Chest X-rays—useful for detecting any lung infections, including but not limited to TB—are another option, costing between $60 and $100.

Signs of Severe Respiratory Illness

If you're experiencing a severe respiratory illness with high fevers, shortness of breath, or chest pain, an examination and possibly other testing, like a chest X-ray, are advisable. Don't forget, testing for common illnesses like the flu or COVID-19 is also reasonable.

Questions?

I hope this information helps clear up any confusion and provides reassurance. If you have concerns or think you need testing, please reach out to us to get the right care. We're here to help!